'arbitrary' originates from Latin, specifically the word 'arbitrarius,' where 'arbitr-' meant 'judge or supreme ruler.'

'arbitrarius' transformed into the Old French word 'arbitraire,' and eventually became the modern English word 'arbitrary' through Middle English.

Initially, it meant 'dependent on the will or judgment of a judge,' but over time it evolved into its current meaning of 'based on random choice or personal whim.'