'cask-matured' originates from English as a compound of the words 'cask' and 'matured'; 'cask' ultimately comes from Latin 'capsa' meaning 'box' (via Old French/Medieval forms), and 'matured' derives from Latin 'maturare' meaning 'to ripen'.

'cask' developed from Latin 'capsa' into Old French/Medieval Romance forms (e.g. Old North French variants) and Middle English 'caske'/'cask', while 'matured' is the past participle form of 'mature', from Latin 'maturare' through Old French and Middle English; the compound 'cask-matured' is a modern English formation used in the context of aging beverages.

Initially the elements referred simply to a 'container' ('cask') and the process 'to ripen' ('mature'); over time the compound came to be used specifically to describe beverages (especially wine and spirits) that have been aged in wooden casks and thus carry cask-derived flavors.