suzerain
|suz-er-ain|
/ˈsuːzəreɪn/
overlord of dependent states
Etymology
'suzerain' originates from Old French 'suserain' (or 'suzerain'), derived ultimately from Medieval Latin elements related to 'super-' meaning 'above' and a suffix indicating relation to rule or reign.
'suzerain' came into English via Old French 'suserain' (Middle English adoption), which itself reflects Medieval Latin formations based on Latin 'super-' + a governance-related element; this development produced the modern English 'suzerain'.
Initially it referred specifically to a feudal or international overlord with authority over vassal states while allowing internal autonomy; over time the term retained that core meaning and also acquired broader, figurative uses for dominant authorities.
Meanings by Part of Speech
Noun 1
a sovereign or state that controls the foreign policy and defense of a dependent state while allowing it internal autonomy; an overlord (especially in feudal or international relations).
The suzerain demanded tribute from several neighboring vassal states.
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Noun 2
figuratively, a person or entity that has dominant control or authority over others.
In the corporate world, that conglomerate became the suzerain of many smaller firms.
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Last updated: 2026/01/13 22:04